{"id":3106,"date":"2015-04-01T13:28:21","date_gmt":"2015-04-01T10:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/?page_id=3106"},"modified":"2015-04-01T13:29:36","modified_gmt":"2015-04-01T10:29:36","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/donate-blood\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"History"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brief overview of the history of blood donation<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hippocrates\u00a0<\/strong>said that drinking blood could change the mental traits of the patient. He counselled such a regimen for the mentally ill, in the hope that the patient would acquire the good qualities of the blood donor.<\/p>\n

In Roman times, Pliny<\/strong> wrote about the custom of drinking the blood of gladiators killed in the arena, also for self-improvement.<\/p>\n

Also in the Roman era, the Greek physician<\/strong> Galen<\/strong> recommended letting out bad blood and indeed bloodletting was practiced from the times of Ancient Greece until the 18th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n

In 1492<\/strong>,
\na medicine was made from the blood of a 10-year-old boy to treat Pope Innocent VIII ,who had grown infirm. \u00a0The boys died, likely from air introduced into the bloodstream, and the pope also succumbed.<\/p>\n

In 1692<\/strong>,
\nthe English anatomist William Harvey discovered how the circulatory system worked.<\/p>\n

In 1662<\/strong>,
\nthe London anatomist and physiologist Richard Lower performed a transfusion from one dog to another. SO much blood had been drawn from the dog that it developed convulsions. After the transfusion it was just as healthy as before. This was the first successful substitutive blood transfusion.<\/p>\n

On 15 June 1667<\/strong>,
\nthe French doctor of philosophy and mathematics and physician to Louis XIV, Jean-Baptiste Denis, transfused the blood of a lamb into the body of a 15-year-old boy. The boy had had a fever for a long while, and his blood had been let 20 times. But after the transfusion, his condition improved. Later, Denis used the same procedure on a number of patients, until one (Antoine Mauroy) died under unclear circumstances.<\/p>\n

In 1670<\/strong>,
\nthe unsuccessful blood transfusions led to the prohibition of blood transfusions for humans in France, Britain and Italy.<\/p>\n

In 1818<\/strong>,
\na professor of physiology and obstetrics James Blundell performed the first person to person blood transfusion. This proved that only the blood of another person could be used for human transfusions. He prepared an apparatus called an impellor; it remained in use into the early 20th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n

In 1900<\/strong>,
\nthe Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner discovered blood types A, B and O.<\/p>\n

In 1902<\/strong>,
\nAlfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli added another one, AB.<\/p>\n

In 1914-1915<\/strong>,
\nHustin (Belgium), Agote (Argentina) and Lewisohn (USA) found that sodium citrate could prevent blood from clotting. Thanks to blood types and the anti-clotting agent, blood transfusions proved possible.<\/p>\n

In 1926<\/strong>,
\nthe Russian doctor, scientist and philosopher Alexander Bogdanov established the world\u2019s first institute for the scientific study of blood transfusions, which still operates today.<\/p>\n

In 1936<\/strong>,
\nthe world\u2019s first blood bank was opened at Cook County Hospital in Chicago.<\/p>\n

In 1940<\/strong>,
\nthe doctors Landsteiner and Alexander Wiener discovered the Rh factor.<\/p>\n

May 16th 1941<\/strong>,
\nThe beginning of blood transfusion service in Estonia. Dr Herman Paul Rossmann created National Blood Service Depot\u00a0which is the\u00a0predecessor of North Estonia Medical Centre\u2019s Blood Centre.<\/p>\n

In 1950<\/strong>,
\nplastic containers for blood began to be manufactured.<\/p>\n

In 1953<\/strong>,
\nStefanini (in the US) discovered thrombocyte antigens.<\/p>\n

In 1956<\/strong>,
\nGrubb (in Sweden) discovered plasma protein antigens.<\/p>\n

In 1958<\/strong>,
\nDausset (France) discovered leukocyte antigens.<\/p>\n

In 1960<\/strong>,
\nplastic blood transfusion systems and modern blood preservatives entered use.<\/p>\n

In the 1970s and 1980s<\/strong>,
\nthe transition to component therapy took place, instead of whole blood.<\/p>\n

\"Ajalugu\"<\/a>

Soviet donor bus in Estonia<\/p><\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Brief overview of the history of blood donation Hippocrates\u00a0said that drinking blood could change the mental traits of the patient. He counselled such a regimen for the mentally ill, in the hope that the patient would acquire the good qualities of the blood donor. In Roman times, Pliny wrote about the custom of drinking the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":334,"parent":2524,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3106"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3106"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3108,"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3106\/revisions\/3108"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2524"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/verekeskus.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}